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Home Service Battalions
The Home Service Battalions were a force of the British Army in the First and Second World Wars, intended for home defence and other duties. Those who joined these battalions were exempted from service outside of the United Kingdom.
==First World War==
Before the outbreak of war, volunteer reservists of the Territorial Force could not be ordered to serve outside of the United Kingdom, under the terms of the Territorial and Reserve Forces Act 1907. When hostilities commenced, Territorial soldiers were asked to sign a document called the Imperial Service Obligation which waived their immunity from overseas service. By 26 September 1914, 72% of Territorials had signed; the remainder were consigned to second line battalions. New Territorial recruits continued to be able to enlist for home service only, until March 1915. The Military Service Act 1916 forced those under the age of 41 to sign the Imperial Service Obligation or resign.〔Beckett, Ian Frederick William (1991), (''The Amateur Military Tradition: 1558-1945'' ), Manchester University Press, ISBN 0-7190-2912-0 (pp. 230-231)〕
As the Territorial regiments' first and second line battalions were prepared for active service, those who had opted for home service or were unfit were formed into Provisional Battalions that in turn formed the 71st, 72nd and 73rd Home Service divisions. On 1 January 1917, the remaining Provisional battalions were renamed Home Service Territorial Battalions of the Infantry Regiments.〔(The Regimental Warpath 1914-1918 - ''Explanation of the British Army (Infantry) 1914-1918'' )〕 In addition, regular army infantry soldiers who were too old or unfit to serve overseas were formed into (Home Service) Garrison Battalions, which became part of the Royal Defence Corps.〔(The Regimental Warpath 1914-1918 - ''Royal Defence Corps'' )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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